Drops of Knowledge – Discovering Black Sea Facts & Figures
BSEC Countries Edition - Republic of Armenia
27 February 2025
The International Centre for Black Sea Studies (ICBSS) is launching the Drops of Knowledge – Discovering Black Sea Facts & Figures “BSEC Countries Edition”.
Thirteen infographics -one for each of the thirteen BSEC Member States- with the aim to provide comprehensive information of key socioeconomic indicators, such as population, unemployment, education, economy, and climate change. The infographics will be published monthly.
The second infographic focuses on the Republic of Armenia.
HIGHLIGHTS
- Urban Development: More than half (57%) of the urban population lives in Yerevan, the country’s largest city (2023).
- Agriculture and Rural Development: 36% of the total population lives in rural areas, as of 2023. In 1960, the first year this indicator was recorded, the percentage of the rural population was 49%.
- Population: 67% of the total population is between the ages 15-64 (2023).
- Climate Change and Environment: 9.10% of the total final energy consumption comes from renewable energy sources (2021).
- Gender Inequality Index (GII): The GII measures gender inequalities in three key dimensions: a) reproductive health, b) empowerment, c) and labour market. Reproductive health is measured by maternal mortality ratio and adolescent birth rates; empowerment is measured by the shares of parliamentary seats held and population with at least some secondary education by each gender; and labour market participation is measured by the labour force participation rates for women and men. In 2022, Armenia ranks 50 out of 166 countries.
- Education: In 2022, government expenditure on education was 9.7%. Nine years earlier, in 2013 -the first year this indicator was recorded- the percentage was 8.7%.
- Science and Technology: In 2022, the most recent year for which data is available, gross domestic expenditures on research and development (R&D) were 0.21%. In 1997, the first year in which this indicator was recorded, the percentage was 0.19%.
- Economy and Growth: In 2023, the annual percentage growth rate of GDP is 8.3%, while inflation as measured by the consumer price index is 2%. Over the last twenty years (2003-2023), exports of goods and services have increased from 30.5% to 59.5%, while imports have increased from 49.6% to 60.3%.
- Unemployment: Over the last twenty years (2003-2023), unemployment of the total labour force has increased from 10.7% to 13.2%. Correspondingly, male and female youth unemployment (labour force ages 15-24) increased from 11.3% to 24.7% and from 12.8% to 27.8%, respectively (modeled ILO estimate).
- Trade: 2022 saw the highest percentage of high-technology exports of all years, at 22% of manufactured exports. In 2023, the most recent year for which data is available, the share of high-technology exports was 21%.
Sources:
The World Bank Group, https://data.worldbank.org/indicator
United Nations Development Programme, Gender Inequality Index (GII), https://hdr.undp.org/data-center/thematic-composite-indices/gender-inequality-index#/indicies/GII
All last accessed on 14 February 2025.
